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{{SheetMusic
{{SheetMusic
|f_track=Mr Isaacs Maggot.mp3
|f_track=GroomsTune.mp3
|f_pdf=Mr.Isaac's Maggot.pdf
|f_pdf=Bonaparte Retreat.pdf
|f_artwork=Mr-isaac.jpg
|f_artwork=GroomsPension.jpg
|f_tune_name=Mr. Isaac’s Maggot
|f_tune_name=Bonaparte's Retreat
|f_track_title=Mr. Isaac’s Maggot
|f_track_title=Bonaparte's Retreat_(1)
|f_section=abc
|f_section=abc
|f_played_by=[https://soundcloud.com/auburn_witch Auburn Witch]
|f_played_by=[https://soundcloud.com/dollyparton Dolly Parton]
|f_notes=Mr. Isaac, painted by Louis Goupy. The original portrait is lost, but this engraving of it by George White was published in the early 18th century.
|f_notes=To this day, North Carolina mountain fiddlers will refer to Bonaparte's Retreat as "Grooms' Tune".
|f_caption=Sixteenth and seventeenth century country dance tunes sometimes had the word "maggot" in their titles, perhaps derived from Italian Maggiolatta or Italian May song, but used in England to mean a whim, fancy, plaything, 'trifle'--essentially an earworm.
|f_caption=The last card in his file is from 1893. His widow was probably years obtaining a widow's pension. She had to have "deserted" cleared from his record. A notation on that last card says :{{break|2}}
|f_source=[https://soundcloud.com/auburn_witch/mr-isaacs-maggot Soundcloud]
"''The charge of desertion against this man has been removed. It has been determined from evidence presented, that he was killed by the enemy, April 22, 1864, while absent on recruiting service in Haywood County, NC''".
|f_source=[https://soundcloud.com/dollyparton/grooms-tune-bonapartes-retreat Soundcloud]
|f_pix=420  
|f_pix=420  
|f_picpix=200
|f_picpix=200
|f_article=[[Mr. Isaac’s Maggot | '''Mr. Isaac’s Maggot''']]
|f_article=[[Bonaparte's Retreat_(1) | '''Bonaparte's Retreat''']]




Dance researcher Moira Goff has discovered that "Mr. Isaac" was in fact a Royal dancing master named Francis Thorpe, offering as proof the will of his uncle, Jerome Gahory, who previously occupied the post of Royal dancing master.  Gahory left the residue of his English estate to "Francis Thorpe his nephew (known by the name of Isaac)."
According to Blue Ridge Mountain local history the tune was known in the Civil War era. Geoffrey Cantrell, writing in the '''Asheville Citizen-Times''' of Feb., 23, 2000 relates the story of the execution of three men by the Confederate Home Guard on April 10th, 1865, the day after Lee's surrender at Appomattox Courthouse.


Francis was the product of Gahory's sister and "Mnsr. Isac", who had a reputation as one of the best dancing masters in Paris. Young Francis may have taken the name Isaac "as a compliment to his father as well as to show his lineage with its associated status."
That news would not have been known to them, given the difficulty with communications at that time. It is documented that Henry Grooms, his brother George and his brother-in-law Mitchell Caldwell, all of north Haywood County, North Carolina, were taken prisoner by the Guard under the command of one Captain Albert Teague-no one knows why, but the area had been ravaged by scalawags and bushwackers, and the populace had suffered numerous raids of family farms by Union troops hunting provisions.


After some time dancing in France, the younger "Mr. Isaac" removed to England, and is recorded as having danced in the English court masque '''Calisto''' in 1675. This Mr. Isaac died in 1681, and Goff concludes that references to "Mr. Isaac" after this must refer to his son. John Essex, in his '''Preface to The Dancing Master''' (1728) recorded:
One theory is that the men were accused of being Confederate deserters who, perhaps knowing the war was nearly over, had aided the Union cause in some way. There was much back-and-forth guerilla warfare, however, and the village of Waynesville had been burned two months earlier (by Unionists), and the citizenry was beleaguered and anxious. Caldwell and the Grooms brothers were captured in the Big Creek section of Haywood County, close to the Tennessee border.  
<blockquote>
 
''The late Mr. Isaac, who had the Honour to teach and instruct our late most excellent and gracious Queen when a young Princess,''
Cantrell writes: "The group traveled toward Cataloochee Valley and Henry Grooms, clutching his fiddle and bow, was asked by his captors to play a tune. Realizing he was performing for his own firing squad Grooms struck up Bonaparte's Retreat," his favorite tune.
''first gained the Character and afterwards supported that Reputation of being the prime Master in England for forty Years together:''
 
''He taught the first Quality with Success and Applause, and was justly stiled the Court Dancing-Master, therefore might truly deserve''
When he finished the three men were lined up against an oak tree and shot, the bodies left where they fell. Henry's wife gathered the bodies and buried them in a single grave in the family plot at Sutton Cemetery No. 1 in the Mount Sterling community, the plain headstone reading only "Murdered."
''to be called the Gentleman Dancing-Master.'' (p. xi)<ref>This quote and information above on Francis Thorpe accessed on 08.07.2020 from Moira Goff's blog "England's Royal Dancing Masters 1660-1714", danceinhistory.com [https://danceinhistory.com/category/dancers-dancing-masters/]</ref>
 
</blockquote>
The original source for the story is George A. Miller, in his book '''Cemeteries and Family Graveyards in Haywood County, N.C.''
}}
}}

Latest revision as of 19:03, 12 January 2025


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File:GroomsTune.mp3 Bonaparte's Retreat


According to Blue Ridge Mountain local history the tune was known in the Civil War era. Geoffrey Cantrell, writing in the Asheville Citizen-Times of Feb., 23, 2000 relates the story of the execution of three men by the Confederate Home Guard on April 10th, 1865, the day after Lee's surrender at Appomattox Courthouse.

That news would not have been known to them, given the difficulty with communications at that time. It is documented that Henry Grooms, his brother George and his brother-in-law Mitchell Caldwell, all of north Haywood County, North Carolina, were taken prisoner by the Guard under the command of one Captain Albert Teague-no one knows why, but the area had been ravaged by scalawags and bushwackers, and the populace had suffered numerous raids of family farms by Union troops hunting provisions.

One theory is that the men were accused of being Confederate deserters who, perhaps knowing the war was nearly over, had aided the Union cause in some way. There was much back-and-forth guerilla warfare, however, and the village of Waynesville had been burned two months earlier (by Unionists), and the citizenry was beleaguered and anxious. Caldwell and the Grooms brothers were captured in the Big Creek section of Haywood County, close to the Tennessee border.

Cantrell writes: "The group traveled toward Cataloochee Valley and Henry Grooms, clutching his fiddle and bow, was asked by his captors to play a tune. Realizing he was performing for his own firing squad Grooms struck up Bonaparte's Retreat," his favorite tune.

When he finished the three men were lined up against an oak tree and shot, the bodies left where they fell. Henry's wife gathered the bodies and buried them in a single grave in the family plot at Sutton Cemetery No. 1 in the Mount Sterling community, the plain headstone reading only "Murdered."

The original source for the story is George A. Miller, in his book Cemeteries and Family Graveyards in Haywood County, N.C. {{safesubst:#invoke:string|rep|
|2}}

...more at: Bonaparte's Retreat - full Score(s) and Annotations



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