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{{SheetMusic |f_track=Gilderoy.mp3 |f_pdf=Guilderoy.pdf |f_artwork=Jacobite_broadside_-_Gilder_Roy_in_his_genuine_Highland_Garb.jpg |f_tune_name=Guilderoy |f_track_title=Gilderoy_(2) |f_section=abc |f_played_by=[Rob MacKillop |f_notes= Coloured Portrait of Gilder Roy in complete Highland outfit. |f_caption=Historically, Gilleruadh was the nickname of a famous Scottish highwayman named Patrick McGregor who was captured and executed in 1636. |f_source=Soundcloud |f_pix=420 |f_picpix=200 |f_article= Guilderoy

The title Gilderoy is an Englished version of the Gaelic Gilleruadh or Giolla Ruadh, meaning red-haired lad or youth. Historically, Gilleruadh was the nickname of a famous Scottish highwayman named Patrick McGregor who was captured and executed in 1636; the song describes his exploits and moralizes on his fate. John Purser says the tune was known by around 1660 as it was referred to in a broadside of that period.

Glen records that the tune was first printed in the British Isles in 1726 (where it appears in Alexander Stuart's Musick for Allan Ramsay's Collection of Scots Songs, p. 194, in the key of 'A'), in William Thompson's Orpheus Caledonius of 1733 and again in 1742, though Cazden (et al, 1982) dates the tune as "possibly from 1650," perhaps to coincide with the demise of the famous highwayman [which is speculation since no sources were cited].

It quickly became popular and appears in the later 18th century Scottish collections of Aird, Bremner, Gillespie (1768), Oswald (1744 in A Second Collection of Curious Scots Tunes, later republished with different variations in his Caledonian Pocket Companion), McGibbon, and McLean (1772) where it is ascribed to Robert McIntosh. }}